I have no idea if It's been done, and I don't know if there's any such search term for this, but how prioritizing works, is making micromanagement of dwarves more easier.
Like, You would be able to prioritize labors. IE: High Priority on mining, thus the dwarf, when possible and superceeding any other labors, will go mine, so he won't wander off to go, Oh, I don't know, haul a piece of lumber 5 miles away, while there are 20 peasants already ready to haul stuff. And then it should go from very high, to very low. A list would be something like.
Very High - Does first than any other job, and will not sleep, rest, or eat until it is done.
High - Do first, but balance with other things
Normal - Like default, does it, maybe does it, maybe GO TAKES A NAP.
Low - Make this the last thing he should do.
Very Low - The very last thing he should do
And then there should be like
Preset 1 - Do when nobody is doing this labor
Preset 2 - Do this labor when you have free time
Preset 3 - Do during a siege - Very High Priority
Think of these, it'd make things more easier, instead of your ADHD'd dwarves going to do something else while he was supposed to build a wall to stop a flood from destroying your fortress.