I am now having trouble feeding my Dwarfs. Before the change I just slapped a few farm plots on the surface but now I can't seem to set up a underground farm fast enough. I tried the flood a chamber under a water source tactic with levelers and supports and stuff, but my colony started to starve because they refused to deal with the damp stone. Oh the horror! I know the changes with what seeds you can start out with were meant to make the game more complex but none of my guys are having any luck. Any advice? The problem I am having seems to be the water source - either too far, too dangerous to get to, or frozen!
Soil layers (including sand and clay) require no irrigation, you can start growing plump helmets or whatever immediately. Surface farms require no irrigation either.
If you start with the default Play Now build, you will not run into thirst or hunger issues until summer at the earliest. Brew the plump helmets you embarked into wine and butcher the animals, and you'll have food and drink through into autumn, even with absolutely no effort to create additional food.
Starvation should never, ever be a problem in current versions of Dwarf Fortress. Food production is too easy, almost to the point of being unbalanced! A couple of hunters, a couple of fisherdwarves, and a couple of planters farming a 5x5 plot, and you're set for your first 200 dwarves.
If you ever get into extreme starvation then look at your z kitchen stocks screen and designate for cooking items that cannot be eaten uncooked: seeds, flour, sugar, tallow, quarry bush leaves. Then queue up a bunch of prepare meal tasks. For example 200 prickle berry seeds will feed 100 dwarves for an entire season (and cooking seeds has the side effect of freeing up a bag for other uses). Rock nuts can be milled and pressed to double their nutritional output. (Or planted for an explosion in production: 4 rock nuts planted by a legendary farmer = 4 x 5 quarry bushes = 4 x 25 leaves = 100 servings of quarry bush roast!!!)
But really this should not be a problem; in a well-run fortress you ought to be wondering how to deal with the incredible surplus of food! (not lack thereof) I have had fortresses where I reached the theoretical maximum prepared food output, because my dwarves could not haul massive surplus of food from the kitchen to the stockpile before it rotted.